The cart might boot, but there would definitely be something missing from the game. For instance, on Chatting Parodius the outer pins are used for the spoken samples. I think that game will work and just be missing those if you use a Game Genie that is missing the pins in order to play it on a US system. I don't have a SNES GG to test it anymore though. I swear I read that you'd be missing graphics in Star Fox if the outer pins weren't connected.
There's not enough of those bits to connect anything when plugged into a SNES, but since it looks like just the connectors are broken off, I'm sure something could be set up to fix it. No need to destroy some other SNES cart, an old PC ISA card or something with the Same width pins that nobody cares about could be used. Would just have to clean up the PCB, epoxy a replacement piece, then wire up the connections. Obviously you'd just need to be gentle when inserting the cart.


